A report published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute has stated that cisplatin has better response rates than carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The two main types of lung cancer, accounting for over 90 percent of all lung cancers, are non-small cell and small cell cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most of that 90 percent.

Advanced NSCLC means that the patient's cancer has spread to other organs or areas of the body. There has been research done to evaluate which drug is better for NSCLC -- cisplatin or carboplatin. Nine clinical trials were analyzed to see what regime is a better treatment option.

It's called triple-negative breast cancer and it manifests itself in the lack of expression of two cell surface proteins -- estrogen and progesterone receptors -- and also the protein HER2.

It's a disease that does not typically respond to treatment with standard chemotherapy drugs and therefore, diagnosis can come with a poor prognosis. But a new study out of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center in Boston indicates this type of disease is sensitive to the drug cisplatin.

The study, appearing online in the April 19 Journal of Clinical Investigation and in the journal's May print issue, shows that triple-negative breast cancer expresses larger amounts of two proteins, delta-Np63 and TAp73. Delta-Np63 binds to TAp73 and prevents it from killing cancerous cells. Cisplatin does the trick, though, and releases TAp73 from delta-Np63. This causes the cells to die and offers hope for a sometimes hopeless disease.

Patients with this disease have a decreased quality of life due to symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough, pain, fatigue, and the inability to eat. One of the scariest parts about this disease is that it can be resistant to most therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation.

A press release from Alfacell Corporation says that the addition of a drug called Onconase (ranpirnase) to Adriamycin improves survival over Adriamycin alone in patients that have operable mesothelioma. Onconase targets cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. It is taken into the cancerous cell where it kills the cell through various processes. Onconase is not yet proved by the FDA in the United States.

A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the addition of Onconase to Adriamycin compared to Adriamycin alone. The trial included a total of 143 patients. At one year 47 percent of patients treated with Onconase/Adriamycin were alive compared to 36 percent of patients treated with Adriamycin alone.

The researchers feel that the drug improves outcomes when given with Adriamycin. This trial was a Phase IIIb trial which means it could be up for FDA approval in the near future.

The second article that I read was recently published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. According to the article treatment with Alimta (pemetrixed) with or without Platinol (cisplatin) provides benefit with malignant mesothelioma who have received prior treatment therapies.

This research was focused on recurrent mesothelioma. Optimal treatment strategies that will improve long-term outcomes for patients with recurrent mesothelioma continue to be evaluated. A Phase III trial was conducted to evaluate treatment including Alimta or Alimta/cisplatin. The trial included 187 patients.

Anticancer responses were achieved in 32.5 percent of patients treated with Alimta/cisplatin compared with 5.5 percent for patients treated with Alimta alone.

The researchers conclude that this is a challenging disease. I bring this information in hopes that anyone diagnosed with is disease can have some information to bring to their physicians to discuss further.

Last week The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Taxotere (docetaxel) for the use in combination with cisplatin and fluorouracil prior to radiation therapy for the treatment of patients with inoperable, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

A trial was conducted that included 358 patients with previously untreated, inoperable, locally advanced head and neck cancer. The patients were divided into two groups. One group received Taxotere in combination with cisplatin and fluorouracil and the other group received only cisplatin and fluorouracil. Chemotherapy was administered before radiation treatments. The patients that received the Taxotere experienced a longer survival time and a longer time to disease progression.

Steven Galson, M.D., director of FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research said "Today's approval will provide prescribers with a new treatment option that has been shown to help slow the spread of the disease and prolong patient's survival."

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises the majority of lung cancers.

According to the results presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the European Society for Medical Oncology, the combination consisting of Platinol (cisplatin) plus Navelbine (vinorelbine) improves survival among non-small cell lung cancer patients whose cancer has been surgically removed.

Early stage lung cancer is usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy has not shown in the past to have improved survival.

This study included data from almost two thousand patients with early stage lung cancer. Patients were treated with either adjuvant Platinol/Navelbine or no chemotherapy at all. The study showed that at five years 55 percent of patients who were treated with the chemotherapy combination were alive compared to only 46 percent who received no further treatment after surgery.

The researchers concluded that adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of Platinol/Navelbine improves survival at five years among patients with NSCLC who were able to have their cancer completely removed by surgery.

One of the most difficult things about receiving the gold standard of chemotherapy for your specific cancer is the fact that the cancer cells are not being tested to actually see if that chemotherapy will work for you. In 2001 when I was diagnosed with breast cancer they didn't test my cancer cells to see if the chemotherapy regimen would be effective. It is known which chemotherapy drugs work for breast cancer but breast cancer is a very heterogeneous disease.

An article published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology says that with head and neck cancers they can now know which patients will benefit from the chemotherapy drug Platinol (cisplatin).

Platinol is a commonly given to head and neck cancer patients but it doesn't always work for everyone. The researchers found out that SNP's (single nucleotide polymorphisms) can help determine a head and neck patient's response to the drug.

SNP's are genetic variations within genes that repair DNA among patients with advanced head and neck cancer. The study included 103 patients that were treated with Platinol. Anticancer responses were increased by nearly three-fold among patients with these genetic variants compared to those without.

I like reading about chemotherapy being more tailored to the individual instead of just the type of cancer.

Glioblastoma Multiforme is usually only has a survival rate up to one year after diagnosis. This primary brain tumor's standard treatment is surgery to remove as much as the cancer as possible, radiation and or chemotherapy. Even with the most aggressive forms of treatment the patients do not survive.

Researchers are trying to improve survival of patients diagnosed with Glioblastoma. The results of a phase III clinical trial published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology tried to improve survival rates by using a treatment consisting of cisplatin, carmustine and radiation therapy. Unfortunately this regimin produced more adverse side effects and did not improve survival.

My uncle died of a brain tumor. He died in 1987. I do not think that this disease has any better cure rate then it did back then. He died a little over a year after he was diagnosed. It doesn't seem that chemotherapy or radiation works for this type of cancer but it's all we got so we try new combinations.

Every promising drug therapy has a potential dark side. Hycamtin -- topotecan hydrochloride -- a cancer-fighting drug used to treat patients with ovarian and lung cancer, has received FDA approval for treatment of late-stage cervical cancer. When surgery or radiation is not a viable option for women diagnosed with recurrent or incurable cervical cancer, Hycamtin can be added to cisplatin as a combination chemotherapy drug therapy shown to provide life-lengthening benefit.

Combining Hycamtin with cisplatin is not a cure, and in clinical trials showed an additional survival benefit of three months when compared to treatment with cisplatin alone. Who would not choose to live as long as possible, even if you are measuring life in months? However, the combination drug therapy is likely to increase the risk in lowering white cell counts, decreasing blood platelets, inducing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and hair loss. Quantity of life versus quality of life is the dark side of this drug therapy promise. One woman might choose quantity of life, and another woman choose quality of life. There is no wrong or right but when making a choice it needs to be made with eyes wide open.

For more information, there is a Hycamtin website offering information on how the chemotherapy drug is administered and the side effects a woman can expect during treatment. While it is written for ovarian and lung cancer patients, I believe the basic over all information should be the same for cervical cancer patients.

Thanks to Joel Arellano of Autoblog for this news tip!

Ovarian cancer is typically not diagnosed until it is in an advanced stage, and then, the treatments are limited to surgery and cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug. Some women with ovarian cancer will experience a relapse of the disease, and if they do, no other treatments are available to them. Ovarian cancer becomes resistant to cisplatin, making treatment with it twice an ineffective method for fighting recurrent ovarian cancer. Until now. Ohio State University Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute researchers have found that a new drug, NCX-4016, an aspirin derivative, re-sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin chemotherapy and kills ovarian cancer cells. Human trials will need to be conducted to evaluate the safety of this new drug, but if safe, it offers new hope in the fight against ovarian cancer.